COM2107 Logic in Computer Science
Spring term 2023/24
Exercise Sheet 11
Generic question types:
• questions about terminology and bookwork questions,
• questions about computations and deductions (how to apply methods and rules),
• questions about the comprehension of methods and rules (understanding semantics and consequences of theorems such as completeness, compactness, decidability)
• questions about transferable knowledge and skills (applications of knowledge about logic to new tasks beyond lectures)
Examples about computations and deductions:
Question 11.1 Indicate which of the following unification problems have a solution.
(a) x ≈ f (a), g(x, x) ≈ g(x, y).
(b) f (g(a, x), g(y, b)) ≈ f (g(b, x), z).
(c) f (g(a, x), g(y, b)) ≈ f (g(a, y), x).
(d) k(f (x, g(a, y)), g(x, h(y))) ≈ k(f (h(y), g(y, a)), g(z, z)).
Question 11.2 Indicate which of the following pairs of LTL formulas are equivalent.
1. FF ϕ and F ϕ .
2. ϕU (ϕUψ) and ϕUψ .
3. (ϕUψ)Uψ and ϕUψ .
4. (ϕ ∨ ψ)Uχ and (ϕUχ) ∨ (ψUχ).
5. Gϕ and ϕ ∧ XGϕ .
Question 11.3 Which result does the DPLL algorithm compute on the following input set?
{{p, q}, {¬p, q}, {p, ¬q}, {¬p, ¬q}}
• Option 1
• Option 2
• Option 3
• Option 4
Question 11.4 Which is the Skolem normal form of the following formula?
¬ ((∀x. (P ∨ Q(x))) → P ∨ ∀x. Q(x))
• Option 1
• Option 2
• Option 3
Question 11.5 Does resolution refute the following formula?
(∃y∀x. P (x, y)) → (∀x∃y. P (x, y))
• Yes.
• No.
Question 11.6 The labelled transition system M is defined by
Indicate which of the following properties of LTL formulas are true:
(a) M, s0 |= ¬p → r ,
(b) M, s0 |= Ft and M, s3 |= Ft,
(c) M, s0 |= Fq ,
(d) M, s0 |= G(r ∨ q).