Essay 1
International Relations
POL 003
Assignment: On January 12, 2024, the United States and United Kingdom, with support from allied countries, launched a series of airstrikes against Houthi-controlled sites in Yemen. Additional airstrikes occurred throughout 2024. Which approach, realism or liberalism, best explains why the US and UK took this action?
Some helpful resources to fill in the background on these attacks:
• https://www.npr.org/2024/01/12/1224358027/u-s-u-k-carryout-retaliatory- strikes-against-houthi-rebel-targets-in-yemen
• https://apnews.com/article/yemen-attacks-iran-ships-retaliation-houthis- d770a3fb0fab4c4b72e2459771833e11
• https://www.reuters.com/business/indian-navy-rescues-crew-after-attack-ship- off-coast-yemen-2024-01-18/
• https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-9930/ In formulating your essay, be sure to:
• Indicate which aspects of realism or liberalism help us understand this event. Be concrete and specific. Are the airstrikes primarily about anarchy, self-help, zero-sum games, and similar realist concepts? Or are they about institutions, economics, collective security, and positive- sum games? Be sure to clearly define terms and jargon.
• Consider counterarguments. You’re not just arguing that realism or liberalism can explain this event. Rather, you’re arguing that one approach explains this event better than the other. Pick a side, and make an argument for why your preferred approach is better than the alternative.
• Consider the limitations and weaknesses of your preferred approached. That is, even if one approach explains this event better than the other, are there nonetheless aspects of the event that even your preferred approach can’t explain?
Guidelines:
• This is a response paper, not a research paper. You are not required to incorporate addi- tional sources beyond the course readings and the above news articles. If you do wish to consult additional sources, be sure to employ reputable sources. Blogs, substacks, Wikipedia, cable news, random websites, and YouTube clips are not acceptable. Examples of accept- able newspaper sources include The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, New York Times, Financial Times, Los Angeles Times, and other major daily outlets. International news sources, such as the BBC or the Guardian, are also acceptable. Examples of acceptable newsmagazines include The Economist, Foreign Policy, Bloomberg, The Atlantic, Foreign
Affairs, Mother Jones, Forbes, and similar long-established sources. Consult with your TA if you have concerns about a particular source.
• All sources must be thoroughly documented, including assigned course readings. Any ref- erence to a source must be properly cited. You must be the sole author of your paper. Do not use any AI-generated content. See this link for guidance: https://ossja.ucdavis. edu/avoiding-plagiarism-mastering-art-scholarship. Be sure to include a separate list of references. (The list of references is not included in the word count.) All submissions will be filtered through TurnItIn’s plagiarism detector.
• Essays should be approximately 1,000 words in length, ± 50 words. Use a standard 10–12pt font with 1” margins. Format your essay according to an established style. guide, such as Chicago Manual. (Your TA may require a specific style. guide.)
• Essays should be logically and coherently organized, with an introduction, a conclusion, and a precise thesis statement. The writing should be clear, concise, and free of grammatical errors. Excessive errors will lower your grade.
• Essays are due no later than October 22rd at 5pm Pacific Time. Essays must be submitted online, as either a PDF or MS Word file, via the Canvas assignment module for Essay 1. We cannot accept hard copies, emailed papers, links to cloud-based documents, .pages file extensions, or other file types. You are welcome to submit your paper as far in advance of the deadline as you’d like. Be sure that you upload the correct, final version of your paper, and that your paper can be opened from within Canvas. If we can’t open your paper, or if you submit an incorrect version, you will incur the late penalty until we receive a working file.
• Late papers will be docked 10% per day. (E.g., a grade of 91% will be reduced to 81%.) This penalty begins at 5:01pm on the due date and recurs every 24 hours thereafter. All late papers will be penalized, regardless of the reason for lateness. It is your responsibility to maintain backups of your paper and ensure you have reliable internet access. If you expect scheduling conflicts, wifi problems, or other issues around the due date, you should arrange to complete and submit your paper well in advance of the deadline.
Essays will be graded according to the following rubric:
• Understanding: Shows a strong grasp of relevant concepts from realism and liberalism; clearly defines key terms and concepts; clarifies how the approaches differ.
• Application: Applies specific realist and liberal concepts to a real-world event in a plausi- ble way; identifies aspects of the event that are consistent with the preferred theoretical framework; considers obvious counterarguments, as well as the limitations of the preferred approach.
• Style: Meets expectations for organization, grammar, spelling, writing style, and word count.
• Sources: Uses appropriate sources if needed, such as reputable newspapers and news- magazines, and avoids inappropriate sources.
• References: Includes full references for all cited sources.